The summit that changes the situation was summoned by Secretary General António Guterres Alongside President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva from Brazil, host of the COP30 conference which starts in November in the Amazonian city of Belém.

At first, the main climatologists Johan Rockström and Katharine Hayhoe have provided a brutal assessment of global efforts so far to honor the Paris AgreementThe 2015 historic treaty which aims to limit the rise in global temperature to 1.5 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels.

‘A deep concern’

Ten years later, greenhouse gas emissions that cause global warming continue to increase and the annual change in world temperature exceeded 1.5 degrees for the first time last year.

“It’s a deep concern,” said Professor Rockström, chief scientist in international conservation. “” An even deeper concern is that warming seems to accelerate, going beyond emissions. “”

However, it is always possible to reach the goal of 1.5 degrees and the two experts have highlighted solutions, including the transition of fossil fuels to clean energy sources and transform food systems to eliminate waste.

“” We cannot prevent this disaster alone. But together we can. By fixing stronger targets, going through faster deadlines and making deeper commitments, “said Professor Hayhoe, winner of 2019 Prix ​​of the UN Champions of the Earth.

More action required: guterres

Below Paris AgreementGovernments are required to submit climatic plans called contributions determined at the national level (NDC) exhibiting daring measures for the next decade.

The treaty made a difference, the secretary general saidAs the elevation of the projected global temperature has increased from four degrees to less than three in the past 10 years, if the current plans are fully implemented.

” NOW, We need new plans for 2035 that go much further and much faster“, He said.” Make dramatic emissions aligned with 1.5 degrees; covering all emissions and sectors; And accelerate an energy transition just worldwide. »»

He stressed that COP30 “must conclude with a credible global response plan to put us on the right track” and described five crucial areas for action: accelerating the transition to clean energy, considerably reducing methane gas emissions, forest conservation, reduction of heavy industry emissions and the guarantee of climate justice for developing countries.

Make your “homework”, urges Lula

With just a few weeks before COP30, President Lula wondered “if the world will arrive in Belém with her duties made”.

He said that “the energy transition opens the door to a productive and technological transformation comparable to the industrial revolution” and the NDC “are the roadmap that will guide each country through this change”.

For its part, Brazil has undertaken to reduce all greenhouse gas emissions between 59% and 67%, covering all sectors of the economy, he said, and continues efforts to end deforestation by 2030.

Commitment of China and Europe

During the meeting, President Xi Jinping de China announced that in 2035, the country would reduce greenhouse gas emissions across the economy from seven to 10% compared to cutting -edge levels.

The country will also increase the share of non-fossil fuels in total energy consumption to more than 30%, will increase the wind and solar energy capacity six times compared to the levels of 2020, and will make “new energy vehicles” the dominant current of new sales of vehicles, he said in a video message.

Meanwhile, “the proper transition is evolving” in the European Union, where emissions have been down by almost 40% since 1990, said the president of the European Commission Ursula von der Leyen.

European countries “also double on global partnerships” and will remain the largest climate financing suppliers in the world, she said, while mobilizing up to 300 billion euros to support the transition of clean energy worldwide.

Vulnerable nations “between hope and difficulties”

For Belize, the objective of 1.5 degrees “is not an aspiration” but “a threshold between hope and difficulties, between flourishing communities and forced displacement, between shared prosperity and irreversible loss,” said Prime Minister Johnny Briceño.

Its new NDC covers concrete actions, such as the expansion of renewable electricity production to cover 80% of domestic needs by 2035, restaurants some 25,000 hectares of degraded forest and planting a million trees over the next three years.

“But allow me to be clear, the ambition can only succeed if it is paired by the support of the vulnerable small climate nations like Belize.

“This means an extent of foreseeable funding, accessible technology and real partnerships,” he said, noting that “success depends on us all acting with an emergency, solidarity and unprecedented climate justice”.

After the expansion of the company last year, the volumes of maritime trade should increase by only 0.5% in 2025, the slowest rate in years, according to the agency Maritime transport review 2025Launched in Geneva.

The slowdown comes while geopolitical tensions, new commercial barriers and climatic pressures reshape the shipping routes, increase costs and expose vulnerabilities in the global economy.

“” Upcoming transitions – zero carbon, to digital systems, to new commercial roads – must be transitions”Said Trecta Secretary General Rebeca Grynspan. “” They must empower, not exclude. They must build resiliencenot deepen vulnerability. »»

Flow routes, costs increase

Shipping has more than 80% of world goods for export and import, making it a critical barometer of world trade.

Uncantad pointed out that the reaches caused by crises in the Red Sea in 2024 and continuous tensions Near the Hormuz Strait, ships forced ships to longer trips, adding delays and costs.

During the launch of Geneva, Regina Asiotis, chief executive officer of CNUCTAD’s commercial logistics, warned that vulnerable savings pay the heaviest price:

“The global environment has become more complex. Geopolitical tensions oblige costly redefit, prices disrupt trade flows and freight rates are high and volatile.

The developing states of small islands, the least developed countries and net countries of importation of net foods are the most vulnerable, because higher freight costs rapidly result in more expensive imports and food insecurity. »»

Ports under pressure

Global ports are struggling with congestion, longer waiting times and pressure to modernize. UNCTAD has highlighted the urgent need to invest in digital systems such as platforms of unique maritime windows and the port community to reduce costs and delays.

But many developing countries continue to take time late in digitization. Cyber-menues increasing, the report warns that cybersecurity has become a critical priority for maritime logistics.

Climate challenge

The greenhouse gas emissions in the maritime industry increased by 5% in 2024, according to the report. However, only eight percent of the tonnage of the world fleet is currently equipped to use alternative fuels.

THE International Maritime Organization Will take a net-zero framework in October, including a global mechanism for fuel and carbon pricing. UNCTAD claims that clear regulatory signals, fleet renewal and new fuel infrastructure is essential to reduce emissions.

Human cost at sea

Beyond trade flows and emissions, the report highlighted the human balance sheet. Marine The cases of abandonment reached a record in 2024Leave the crews blocked without salary or support.

Changes to the Maritime Labor Convention in force in 2027 will strengthen repatriation and coast leave rights, but UNCTAD stressed that an effective application is essential.

Political priorities

The examination calls for governments and the industry to work together on:

• Stable trade policies to reduce uncertainty and restore confidence in supply chains;
• Investment in sustainable, green and resilient port and shipping infrastructures;
• Faster digitization and stronger cybersecurity;
• Renewal of the cleat and cleaner combustibles; And
• Support for vulnerable savings to alleviate higher costs.

“Persistent costs of high transport are likely to hit the harder developing countries,” said Ms. Gryspan. “Maritime transport must be resilient, inclusive and durable if we want to withstand the upcoming turbulent waters.”

“In -depth research, including large -scale studies in the last decade, has not found any coherent association,” said the agency in a declarationUndering pregnant women to follow the advice of their health providers.

The alarm was raised by the White House on Monday when US President Donald Trump and senior health officials expressed a new warning that acetaminophen – the active ingredient in Tylenol pain relievers – is linked to an increase in autism, as well as to the announcement of a new study on the potential causal effect of childhood vaccines.

Be careful during pregnancy

WHO Recalled that drugs must always be used with caution during pregnancy, especially in the first trimester.

Autism affects nearly 62 million people worldwide, about one in 127. The exact causes remain unclear, with multiple complex factors supposed to be involved.

Who also reiterated that vaccines do not cause autism, stressing that “major high -quality studies of many countries have all reached the same conclusion”.

The agency stressed that the original research suggesting a link has been defective and has long been discredited.

Infantile vaccination programs, guided by WHO and adopted by all countries, have saved at least 154 million lives in the past 50 years. “Vaccines protect not only individual children, but whole communities,” noted the agency.

Autism and other neurodevelopmental disorders will arise in good place at the United Nations high -level meeting on mental health and non -transmitted diseases on Thursday.

Sudan: United Nations investigators call for action to protect civilians in El Fasher besieged

In Sudan, United Nations independent investigators condemn A drone strike that struck a mosque in the capital of Darfuri d’El Fasher during morning prayers last Friday, killing at least 75 worshipers, including children.

The attack, which would have been led by rapid paramilitary forces (RSF) which besieged the city, also damaged nearby.

THE United Nations Information Mission On Sudan, the assault shows “blatant contempt” for international law and warned against serious risks for tranquished civilians in the besieged city.

Mosques must be sanctuaries

Investigators appointed by the Human Rights Council Stressed that places of worship must be sanctuaries, not targets, and urged the immediate measures to protect civilians and protect the cultural and religious heritage of Sudan.

Last week, Secretary General António Guterres Alarm expressed by the deterioration of the situation in El Fasher, where the RSF tightened its headquarters for more than 500 days.

He called for an immediate stop to fighting and a safe passage for civilians wishing to leave and to humanitarian access without hindrance.

The conflict between the RSF and the troops of the Sudanese military government has been raging since April 2023, killing thousands of people and moving millions. UN officials point out that such attacks can constitute war crimes.

Dr Congo Ebola Severe: Unicef ​​provides vaccines and vital support

Nearly 45,000 doses of Ebola Vaccines are on the way to the province of Kasai in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) Unicef Intensifies efforts alongside the government and partners to protect children and families from the current epidemic.

Since the epidemic was declared on September 5, 47 alleged and confirmed cases have been reported.

Twenty-five people have already died, including 12 children.

“Each dose delivered is one more stage towards the safety of children and families,” said UNICEF representative in the country, John Agbor.

He noted that children also need medical care if they fall sick, as well as support to deal with trauma and safe spaces to learn and play.

The current hotspot is intimidable, with areas neighboring Mweka and Mushenge also at risk. More than 1,048 contacts have already been identified and are monitored, UNICEF said.

Teams working night and day

The teams work 24 hours a day in Kasai, as well as the Ministry of Health, other United Nations agencies and local partners.

Beyond vaccines, UNICEF also supports care for Ebola patients; Strengthen hygiene measures in schools, hospitals and spaces suitable for children and make sure that families receive vital information on how to protect themselves.

This is the sixteenth Ebola epidemic in the DRC since the discovery of the virus in 1976. The last epidemic in the Kasai region took place in 2008-2009.

“No one other than ourselves can guarantee security,” he said. “Only strong alliances. Only strong partners. And only our own weapons. “

He argued that international law does not work without the support of “powerful friends” and, ultimately, of military safeguard.

Those who have “weapons decide who survives,” he said, calling him a “terrible” but inevitable reality.

“Ukrainians are peaceful people, but they are people who want to live freely in their own independent country. This is why we invest in defense. For many nations, it simply remains otherwise. ”

Systems failure

He underlined conflicts in Sudan, Somalia and Palestine as proof of a global system unable to prevent bloodshed or provide solutions.

“This is how weak these institutions are,” he said. “For decades, just declarations and declarations. »»

Turning to the war of Russia in Ukraine, he warned against the use of chemical weapons and famine as weapons against his people, the kidnapping of thousands of Ukrainian children and continuous attacks around the largest nuclear power plant in Zaporizhzhia.

“Yesterday, the plant has become black again,” he said, increasing the risk of catastrophe spectrum.

He also noted the recent incursions of Russian drones and hunters in Poland and Estonia and interference in neighboring Moldova.

“Europe cannot afford to lose Moldova,” he said, adding that support for the country’s stability was “not expensive, but the fact of not doing it would have a much higher price”.

Global arms race global

President Zelenskyy has warned that low international responses accelerate a global arms race, now reshaped by artificial intelligence.

“Dear leaders, we are now experiencing the most destructive arms race in human history because this time, it understands artificial intelligence,” he said. “We now need global rules for the way AI can be used in weapons. And this is just as urgent as preventing the spread of nuclear weapons. ”

He said Ukraine had developed attack drones and marine drones, which was pushing the Russian Navy in the Black Sea and striking strategic bombers.

“None of this would have happened if [Russian President Vladimir] Putin had not started this aggression on a large scale, “he said.

‘Act together to stop war’

The Ukrainian president urged nations to act collectively to end the war.

“Stoping this war now and in the world’s arms race is cheaper than building underground children’s gardens or massive bunkers for critical infrastructure later,” he said.

“Russia’s judgment is now cheaper than wondering who will be the first to create a simple drone bearing a nuclear warhead.”

He said that more than 40 countries were already part of the Ukrainian coalition and have called for broader support.

“So don’t stay silent while Russia continues to drag this war,” said Zelenskyy. “Please speak and condemn. Please join us to defend life and international order. People are waiting for action. “