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The Niña cooling could be back, but global temperatures should increase: WMO

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The Niña cooling could be back, but global temperatures should increase: WMO

Latest data shared by the World Meteorological Organization (Wmo) Indicates a probability of 55% that sea surface temperatures in the Equatorial Pacific will cool at the Niña levels from September to November.

About 90% of the excess heat of global warming is stored in the oceanMake the ocean heat content a critical indicator of climate change.

“For October to December 2025, the probability that Niña’s conditions increased slightly to around 60%. There is little chance that El Niño will develop from September to December ”. WMO said in an update.

According to the United Nations agency, there is a smaller chance (45%) that the Pacific temperatures will remain as they have done in the past six months, when neither the Niña cooling nor its opposite number, heating El Niño, has caused unusual peaks or dips in sea surface temperatures.

Rescue insight

Forecasts from the United Nations Agency for the oscillation phenomenon in the south of El Niño “Save thousands of lives when used to guide the preparation and response actions,” insisted OMM secretary general, Celeste Saulo.

Information could also result in millions of dollars in savings in agriculture, energy, health and transport, she said.

Important because the Niña and El Niño are to shape our climate by modifying the temperatures of the surface of the ocean and in an impact on the changes in the winds, the pressure and the precipitation diagrams, Climate change induces by humans “always increases global temperatures, exacerbates extreme weather conditions and affects seasonal precipitation and temperature models”Noted WMO.

Each year of the last decade has been the hottest top 10 ever recorded, The United Nations agency warned earlier this yearWith 2024 the hottest to date, with “exceptional temperatures of land and sea surface and ocean heat”.

Citing six international data sets, WMO said that the global average surface temperature was 1.55 ° C (34.79F) above the average of 1850-1900.

“The flamboyant temperatures in 2024 require a climate action at Trail in 2025″, ” said UN secretary general Antóno Guterres at the time. “There is still time to avoid the worst of the climate disaster. But leaders must act-now, “he insisted.

The other key climate phenomena that influence global temperature include the oscillation of the North Atlantic, the Arctic Oscillation and the Dipole of the Indian Ocean. Their impact on surface temperatures and precipitation is monitored by omo and published in regular World updates on seasonal climate (GSCU).

The last update Indicates that for September to November, temperatures should be higher than normal in a large part of the northern hemisphere and large parts of the southern hemisphere.

Precipitation predictions should be similar to those generally observed during a moderate Niña, noted the WMO assessment.

Originally published at Almouwatin.com

Why Education In Values Remains A Powerful Tool For Future Generations

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Why Education In Values Remains A Powerful Tool For Future Generations

Future generations will benefit immensely when they receive an education steeped in values. He, she, and they will develop a strong moral compass that guides their decisions and actions. Such education fosters empathy, integrity, and the ability to navigate complex social landscapes. It actively shapes individuals who can challenge negativity and promote positivity within their communities. By instilling these fundamental principles, society can prepare young minds to face future challenges with resilience and ethical clarity.

The Enduring Relevance of Values in a Changing World

Values remain integral in navigating the complexities of modern society. As rapid technological advancements and global challenges emerge, ethical considerations rooted in strong values offer frameworks for individuals to address issues like climate change, inequality, and cultural diversity. The ability to adapt while maintaining core principles allows future generations to forge relationships built on empathy and understanding, ensuring a cohesive society amidst shifting landscapes.

Shifting Social Norms and Expectations

Social norms and expectations continuously evolve, reflecting changes in cultural dynamics and collective consciousness. While some values, such as respect and kindness, remain stable, others shift, influencing individual behaviours and societal interactions. For instance, the growing emphasis on inclusivity and mental health awareness showcases how values adapt to contemporary contexts, underscoring the necessity for education to remain aligned with these transformations.

The Role of Education in Shaping Ethical Frameworks

Education serves as a foundational pillar in constructing robust ethical frameworks. By integrating values into curricula, educators empower students to critically engage with moral dilemmas and societal challenges. Research indicates that schools promoting ethical discussions report higher levels of social responsibility amongst their pupils, equipping them with the skills necessary for ethical decision-making. Values education offers not only knowledge but also the ability to apply those principles in real-world situations, reinforcing the importance of integrity, accountability, and empathy in future leaders.

Structured programmes that focus on ethics in education can significantly influence how students perceive and address real-world challenges. For instance, initiatives centered on service-learning enable students to connect classroom knowledge with community needs, fostering a sense of social responsibility. Programs that address global issues like environmental stewardship further illustrate the impact of values education, prompting students to consider their roles as active, informed citizens. Through these experiences, students develop not only a robust ethical framework but also a lifelong commitment to contributing positively to society.

Value-Based Education as a Catalyst for Personal Development

Value-based education plays a transformative role in personal development, nurturing individuals who are not only knowledgeable but also principled. This approach encourages students to reflect on their values and beliefs, leading to improved self-awareness and enhanced decision-making skills. As they engage with diverse perspectives, they learn to navigate moral complexities effectively, preparing them for future challenges with a robust ethical foundation.

Building Emotional Intelligence and Resilience

Through value-based education, learners develop emotional intelligence and resilience, crucial traits for managing life’s challenges. They cultivate skills such as empathy, self-regulation, and interpersonal communication, which enable them to respond to stress and adversity more effectively. This holistic growth not only aids in personal coping mechanisms but also fosters healthier relationships with others.

Fostering a Sense of Purpose and Community

A strong sense of purpose and community is fostered through value-based education, as it instils the significance of collaboration and altruism. Students engage in projects that benefit their surroundings, enhancing their connection to their community while cultivating a desire to contribute positively.

Participating in community-centric initiatives amplifies a student’s understanding of their role within a broader societal context. For instance, involvement in local charities or environmental projects can inspire a sense of belonging and responsibility, making them more aware of societal issues. According to studies, students who engage in community service report higher levels of life satisfaction and purpose. This connection fosters not only their growth but also contributes to a cohesive, responsible society, underlining the crucial role of value-based education in shaping civic-minded individuals.

The Impact of Values on Societal Cohesion

Values play a significant role in fostering societal cohesion by creating a shared sense of purpose and identity among community members. They encourage individuals to engage in collective actions aimed at addressing common challenges, thus strengthening social bonds. Evidence shows that societies anchored in strong values, such as respect and honesty, often experience lower levels of conflict and a greater sense of belonging, leading to more harmonious coexistence.

Bridging Divides Through Shared Values

Shared values have the power to bridge divides that separate different groups within society. By focusing on common principles, such as fairness and equality, individuals from diverse backgrounds can find common ground, reducing tensions and fostering collaboration. This unity often translates into joint efforts in community projects and social initiatives, nurturing a collaborative spirit that benefits all.

Promoting Empathy and Cross-Cultural Understanding

Empathy and cross-cultural understanding are vital components in a society’s ability to thrive in diversity. Educating individuals about different cultures and perspectives cultivates an environment where he or she can appreciate the experiences of others. This ultimately aids in dismantling stereotypes and prejudices, fostering a more inclusive society.

Fostering empathy and cross-cultural understanding involves engaging in activities that bring individuals from different backgrounds together, such as community service and cultural exchange programmes. By immersing themselves in varied cultural experiences, participants are more likely to develop a profound appreciation for diversity. For instance, studies demonstrate that individuals who partake in intercultural dialogues exhibit enhanced empathy and are significantly less likely to harbour biases. Consequently, this understanding contributes to building a cohesive society where differences are celebrated rather than contested.

Practical Strategies for Integrating Values in Modern Education

Effective integration of values within educational frameworks necessitates targeted strategies that resonate with today’s students. Approaches such as experiential learning, project-based initiatives, and service-learning opportunities empower learners to embody values through real-world applications. By encouraging discussions around ethical dilemmas and fostering critical thinking, educational institutions can cultivate a generation equipped to navigate complex moral landscapes.

Curriculum Design That Embeds Moral Reasoning

Curricula that prioritise moral reasoning can significantly enhance students’ ethical decision-making skills. By incorporating case studies, role-playing exercises, and interdisciplinary projects, educators can create environments where students engage with values actively. This hands-on approach not only deepens understanding but also encourages students to reflect on their own beliefs and behaviours through the lens of ethical frameworks.

Engaging Families and Communities in the Value Conversation

Involving families and communities in discussions about values within education fosters a supportive network that reinforces moral teachings. Schools can organise workshops, community dialogues, and collaborative projects that invite parents and local leaders to participate. By creating shared experiences, educational institutions build a stronger foundation for values that extend beyond the classroom.

Engagement strategies should include regular communication between schools and families about value-based education’s importance. Schools can host community forums focusing on relevant issues such as social justice or environmental stewardship, encouraging families to contribute their perspectives. Involving local organisations can also provide additional resources and insights, enriching the dialogue around values and their application in daily life. Such collaborative efforts not only bolster students’ understanding of values but also cultivate societal cohesion and responsibility.

Future Generations: The Transformative Power of Values

Embedding strong values within educational frameworks empowers future generations to navigate complexities with confidence. Individuals instilled with integrity, empathy, and respect can foster social cohesion, enabling communities to flourish. Values-driven education not only influences personal growth but also shapes societal norms, leading to significant transformations in the way individuals interact and resolve conflicts. Through shared values, they can tackle challenges collaboratively, paving the way for a more harmonious future.

Preparing Leaders for an Uncertain Future

Leaders who are educated in values possess the ability to make ethical decisions amidst uncertainty. Such individuals are trained to prioritise the well-being of their communities over self-interest, which is vital in today’s unpredictable environment. By cultivating critical thinking along with moral reasoning, they are equipped to handle crises and inspire those around them to embrace change constructively.

The Long-Term Benefits of Value-Centric Education

Value-centric education yields lasting benefits that extend beyond academic achievements. Individuals who have undergone value-based training often exhibit higher levels of emotional intelligence, contributing positively to their workplaces and communities. By prioritising collaboration and ethical considerations, they become change agents, advocating for sustainable practices and social justice.

The long-term impact of value-centric education can be seen in thriving communities where individuals prioritise collective welfare over individual gain. Research indicates that societies with strong ethical foundations experience lower crime rates and increased civic participation. Furthermore, participants in such education programmes often report greater life satisfaction and resilience in challenging situations, underscoring the enduring advantages of cultivating a value-driven mindset. As these individuals step into various roles throughout their lives, they catalyse positive change, reinforcing the notion that values are not merely taught, but rather lived and shared.

Summing up

Upon reflecting, it is clear that education in values significantly impacts future generations. He, she, and they benefit from an ethical foundation that fosters social responsibility, empathy, and critical thinking. Such education equips them with the tools necessary to navigate complex moral landscapes, enabling informed decision-making. By integrating values into the curriculum, schools cultivate not only knowledgeable individuals but also conscientious citizens who contribute positively to society. Thus, education in values remains an indispensable instrument for shaping a more equitable and harmonious future.

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EIT Digital and the University of the Aegean Are Redefining Maritime Technology

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Marine robotics is rapidly transforming the way we understand and interact with the oceans. From deep-sea and polar exploration to environmental monitoring, shipping, and oceanographic research, autonomous marine systems are opening possibilities once thought unreachable. These technologies can remain at sea for months, recording data, collecting samples, and even transporting goods in greener, safer ways. Yet, the ocean remains one of the most hostile environments for robotics – its challenges more akin to outer space than to land or air.

Classes were hosted at the University of the Aegean in a building with its own rich history: Greece’s very first high school, founded in 1834. True to EIT Digital’s open and practical spirit, students didn’t need a background in robotics to take part. From day one, they were introduced to coding and guided step by step – by professors and volunteers alike – through building their own autonomous boats.

Alongside lectures and hands-on projects, participants also engaged with the IEEE Symposium on Maritime Informatics and Robotics, a two-day event featuring leading-edge research, panels, and the Aegean Ro-Boat Race.

The integration of this international symposium with the Summer School not only showcased cutting-edge technologies in AI, data systems, and robotics, but also highlighted the collaborative spirit driving Europe’s maritime innovation forward.

Amid this vibrant backdrop of learning and competition, we sat down with Professor Dimitris Zissis of the University of the Aegean to discuss the long-term vision for Syros as a hub of maritime innovation, the role of EIT Digital in shaping its future, and the next milestones on the horizon.

Our long-term vision is to establish Syros as a reference point for maritime innovation in Europe. We want the island to become a place where academia, industry, and startups come together to push the boundaries of maritime informatics, robotics, and sustainability. The idea is to create a living lab environment – one that doesn’t just attract talent but also nurtures entrepreneurship and anchors a dynamic blue economy ecosystem in the Aegean

Dimitris Zissis, Professor at University of the Aegean

Why did you choose the maritime sector as the focus of this hub, and what sub-sectors are you targeting?

The choice was quite natural. Greece has a profound historical and strategic connection to the sea, but beyond tradition, the maritime sector is at a pivotal moment. Technological advances can dramatically improve safety, efficiency, and environmental performance. This is why we’re concentrating on three main areas. First, smart shipping and maritime informatics, which can make operations safer and more efficient. Second, autonomous surface vessels and maritime robotics, because automation is set to transform how we operate at sea. And third, ocean data systems combined with artificial intelligence, which will enable us to analyze and manage vast amounts of maritime data in new and impactful ways.

How has your collaboration with EIT Digital contributed to the development of this project so far?

EIT Digital has been instrumental in shaping our vision. Through the Summer School, for instance, we’ve been able to build capacity, attract international students, and test educational formats that bridge academic research with real-world maritime challenges. The collaboration has also given the initiative significant visibility, helping us connect with European innovators, researchers, and policy thinkers. Most recently, our participation in the EIT Digital Master School in Autonomous Systems (as part of the SPECTRO project) has been a major step forward. It strengthens our academic programs and allows us to train the next generation of engineers and researchers in fields directly aligned with our innovation agenda in maritime robotics and informatics.

Which EIT Digital programs or support mechanisms have been most valuable in shaping your innovation ecosystem?

Two elements stand out. The Summer School has been essential in grounding our initiative in high-quality education and hands-on experimentation. It has given students the chance to work on practical challenges and experience innovation in action. Equally important has been the access to the broader EIT Digital ecosystem. The networks and partnerships we’ve been able to build through this connection would have been extremely difficult to establish on our own.

How do you see EIT Digital playing a role in the next steps of this initiative?

We view EIT Digital as a strategic partner in our next phase. One priority is scaling up the Summer School and transforming it into a flagship European blue tech academy. We are also working towards deploying a Center of Excellence in Smart Shipping, in collaboration with EIT, which will solidify our leadership in the field. Another key goal is to support the launch of deep tech startups that will emerge from the hub, ensuring that innovation is not only researched but also commercialized. Finally, EIT Digital can play an important role in facilitating policy dialogue and in showcasing our hub as a case study for how regional innovation can drive sectoral transformation.

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‘Our livelihoods have been cut off’, say West Bank farmers ahead of olive harvest

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‘Our livelihoods have been cut off’, say West Bank farmers ahead of olive harvest

Like thousands of Palestinian farmers, he faces growing restrictions from Israeli forces and settlers, who have made the olive harvest season – running from September to November – a time of uncertainty and struggle.  

In recent years, the UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) has supported olive farmers and cooperatives to improve access to and management of land and water resources, introduced sustainable practices such as intercropping, and helped them increase food production and income by using natural resources more efficiently.

The olive harvest is both a primary source of livelihood for thousands of families and an integral part of Palestinian heritage.

Yet, attacks on the harvest threaten such heritage and hinder Palestinian farmers’ work and way of life – as settler attacks reach their highest level in at least two decades, according to the UN aid coordination office, OCHA.

‘Unprecedented’ risks

“As the West Bank gears up for the annual olive harvest, the message from farmers is clear: This year’s harvest season is marked by uncertainty, and livelihoods are under unprecedented risk,” said Ciro Fiorillo, FAO’s Head of Office in the West Bank and Gaza Strip.  

The combination of State policies and settler violence has prevented Palestinians from accessing tens of thousands of dunums of farmland and pasture, one dunum equating 1,000 square meters.

These restrictions have contributed to the destruction of the local economy and the displacement of thousands of Palestinian herders and farmers, in conditions that may amount to forcible transfer, according to the UN human rights office (OHCHR).

Olives and olive oil production in the West Bank are a cornerstone of Palestinian culture.

“Our livelihoods have been cut off. Olive crops are the primary source of income for farmers,” a Palestinian farmer from Kufr Qaddum village, told UN News.

Land access denied

“For two years now, we have been denied access to our lands,” Yousef, a Palestinian farmer from Kufr Qaddum told UN News. All land in the northern area of the village has been sealed off with an iron gate following the most recent escalation between Iran and Israel.

Yousef’s family owns over 300 dunums of land, primarily cultivated with olive trees, located near the Israeli Kedumim settlement, in Qalqiliya Governorate.  

Since Hamas’s attack on Israel in 2023, they have had no access to their land, including during the harvesting season.  

“These lands cover approximately four to five thousand dunams. We have been prevented from accessing them,” Yousef said, adding that “this issue [affected] all farmers across the entire West Bank.”   

Mohammed, a Palestinian farmer from Kifl Harris, a village located near the Israeli Ariel settlement in Salfit Governorate, has been denied access to over 3,000 dunums of olive-cultivated land located within the settlement boundary. This restriction has completely cut off the ability of Kifl Harris’s farmers to tend to and harvest their groves.  

“The olive season is our main economic lifeline as farmers and employees in both the public and the private sectors,” Mohammed told UN News, adding that Palestinian farmers had not been given a reason for being denied access.

“After settlers installed a caravan on our family’s land, access to more than 200 dunums of farmland, much of it planted with olive trees, was restricted,” Ahmed, a farmer from Khalet Al Luza told OCHA.  

Harassment from settlers

“We have endured all kinds of harassment from settlers and the [Israeli] army,” Yousef from Kufr Qaddum told us.  

In an advisory opinion from July 2024, the International Court of Justice (ICJ) concluded that Israel’s continued presence in the Occupied Palestinian Territory is unlawful and that it is under an obligation to end its unlawful presence “as rapidly as possible”.

Settlers installed a caravan on a Palestinian family's land in Khalet Al Luza, West Bank.

Settlers installed a caravan on a Palestinian family’s land in Khalet Al Luza, West Bank.

“Settler attacks have affected all farmers. I, personally, have been prevented from reaching my land, and we’ve been subjected to repeated attacks by settlers and the army, including theft of olive crops, theft of olive harvesting equipment, vehicle vandalism, cutting down olive trees, and threats,” Yousef said.  

In a statement published on 30 July, the UN human rights office (OHCHR) warned of escalating Israeli settler violence “with the acquiescence, support, and in some cases participation” of Israeli forces.

It stated that Israeli Government “policy and legislative actions appear aimed at emptying certain areas of the West Bank of the Palestinian population, advancing the settlement enterprise, and consolidating the annexation” of large parts of the West Bank.  

“We urge you to work with international institutions through peaceful means to achieve a result that enables us to access our lands safely and harvest the fruits of our olives and trees,” Yousef pleaded.

“Together with our resource partners, FAO is committed to continuing supporting local olive cultivation, which is as important to livelihoods and food security as it is to Palestinian culture and tradition,” said Mr. Fiorillo. 

*Names in this story have been changed to protect the identities of those featured.

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World News in Brief: Executions surge in Iran, nuclear test threat, Burkina Faso declares top official unwelcome

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World News in Brief: Executions surge in Iran, nuclear test threat, Burkina Faso declares top official unwelcome

At least 841 people have been put to death by the Government of Iran since the beginning of the year, with ethnic minorities and migrants “disproportionately targeted”, said OHCHR spokesperson Ravina Shamdasani.

Some executions have been carried out publicly, she added, with seven reported this year based on available information: “The real situation might be different. It might be worse given the lack of transparency in the use of the death penalty.”

Imminent executions

Eleven people now face imminent execution; six have been charged with “armed rebellion” owing to their alleged membership of the Mojahedin-e-Khalq group.  

Five others are on death row in connection with their participation in the 2022 protests, following the death in police custody of Mahsa Amini, who was detained by Iran’s so-called morality police for not wearing her hijab correctly.  

Ms. Shamdasani reiterated calls from UN rights chief Volker Türk for Iran to impose a moratorium on the application of the capital punishment, as a step towards its abolition.

UN chief warns against ‘playing with fire’ as nuclear test threat looms

UN Secretary-General António Guterres has issued a stark warning on the International Day against Nuclear Tests, urging world leaders to halt the threat of renewed detonations.

“Stop playing with fire. Now is the time to silence the bombs before they speak again,” he said in his message, which coincides with the 80th anniversary of the first nuclear test on 16 July 1945 – in the New Mexico desert under the Manhattan Project.

A deadly legacy

Since then, more than 2,000 nuclear tests have been carried out worldwide.  

Atmospheric tests in the early decades of the nuclear era spread radioactive fallout across continents, contaminating land and seas, displacing communities and leaving survivors facing health crises passed down through generations.

The international day was declared by the UN General Assembly in 2009, following Kazakhstan’s closure of the Semipalatinsk test site.

It has since become a rallying point for governments, civil society and campaigners pressing for an end to nuclear testing and progress towards full disarmament.

Mr. Guterres stressed that nuclear testing remains a grave danger amid rising geopolitical tensions. He urged States to ratify the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT), adopted by a large majority in 1996 but still not in force nearly three decades later.

“We must never forget the horrific legacy of over 2,000 nuclear tests,” the Secretary-General said. “The world cannot accept this.”

Burkina Faso declares UN Coordinator persona non grata  

The UN chief has expressed regret of the decision by authorities in Burkina Faso to declare the UN’s Resident and Humanitarian Coordinator in the country, Carol Flore-Smereczniak, persona non grata.

In a statement on Friday, António Guterres said that the transitional authorities had announced the diplomatic sanction declaring her unwelcome, on 18 August.

The UN chief expressed “full confidence” in her “professionalism and dedication and in the broader United Nations system in Burkina Faso.”

During her tenure, Ms. Flore-Smereczniak – who has now left the country – led UN efforts working closely with the Burkinabe authorities to support development initiatives and provide humanitarian assistance.

UN will continue to support Burkinabe

The statement stresses that the UN Charter makes clear the doctrine of persona non grata does not apply to UN officials, as staff members appointed by the Secretary-General are responsible solely to the Organization, and Member States undertake to respect their exclusively international character.

In line with the Charter, the United Nations enjoys privileges and immunities, including the right of its staff to remain and carry out their mandated work.

“Only the Secretary-General, as the Chief Administrative Officer of the Organization, has the authority to decide – after careful investigation – on the withdrawal of any United Nations official.”

Mr. Guterres reaffirmed the UN’s commitment to continue supporting the people of Burkina Faso, and to keep working with the national authorities.  

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cooperation and the rule of law

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cooperation and the rule of law

Dinner speech by Christine Lagarde, President of the ECB, at 2025 ECB Legal Conference “Building Europe’s Autonomy: Law, Institutions, Cooperation” in Frankfurt, Germany

Frankfurt, 1 September 2025

It is a real pleasure to join you tonight at the 2025 ECB Legal Conference. This year’s theme raises one of the defining questions of our time: how can Europe advance its autonomy while remaining committed to multilateral cooperation and the rule of law?

Throughout the day you have been discussing the many ways in which Europe is trying to build its capacity to respond to the major challenges of our era – whether in the area of defence, the economy or technology. Yet I understand that behind these specific issues lie deeper questions that cut across them all.

Three key questions come to mind.

First, how is “European autonomy” defined in EU law in particular? Second, how can the EU’s pursuit of geopolitical and geoeconomic autonomy coexist with its commitment to multilateral cooperation? And third, how do rule-of-law norms relate to the independence of central banks in today’s world?

The definition of European autonomy

Autonomy can mean many things, and different people use the term in different ways. Most would agree, however, that autonomy is about Europe’s ability to act collectively, guided by its own values and interests.

We are at a global juncture where autonomy – or sovereignty, to use another term – is making a comeback as a central organising principle of international affairs. Yet the European model of autonomy seems to me to be distinct from others in two important respects.

First, European autonomy is collective autonomy. It is not the autonomy of a single sovereign state, but of a group of Member States that have pooled some of their powers and exercise certain public functions together through common institutions. In other words, European autonomy is autonomy without a conventional state-type sovereign. Autonomy exercised through EU institutions under EU law is a form of shared sovereignty projected onto the world stage.

This, of course, poses challenges. In the EU, action on a global scale requires unanimity, or at least broad agreement, in the form of majority voting, which can sometimes be slow and cumbersome. And for some, this might appear to be a weakness. But Europe’s constitutional order is based on checks and balances, and this also applies to autonomy-building. European autonomy is based upon competence-sharing under the Treaties, compromise and a commitment to follow rules that include and balance different perspectives.

Second, the EU – more so than other major powers – has tied its autonomy to commitments made under international law. The Treaty on European Union makes this abundantly clear, stating that in its relations with the wider world, the EU must contribute to “the strict observance and the development of international law.” Even in creating space for itself to make autonomous choices on the international scene, the EU and its Member States remain bound to their international legal commitments.

In financial and trade matters, this translates into respecting international agreements – whether International Monetary Fund (IMF) programmes or Basel Committee standards – and seeking out cooperative multilateral solutions within established legal frameworks, such as the World Trade Organization.

Squaring European autonomy with multilateralism

But this brings me to my second question: is this definition of European autonomy not increasingly contradictory?

At first sight, reconciling autonomy with international law and multilateral cooperation looks like a paradox. On the one hand, the EU, like other major powers, wants to defend its interests and act decisively. On the other, it wants to remain integrated with an international rules-based system. But I believe that law can align these two central notions, autonomy and cooperation, without compromising either.

First, autonomy can be exercised in a way that is both flexible and bounded. Autonomy-building inevitably involves high-level political judgements. Law in these areas is not always black and white. Rules have exceptions, and their interpretation requires careful attention to their purpose. Legal advisers know this well: law provides for discretion to policymakers but also sets outer limits. Respecting those limits – the “red lines” set by EU and international law – is essential if autonomy is to remain anchored in the rule of law.

Second, international law is itself co-determined. In shaping and exercising its autonomy, Europe – or any other jurisdiction – cannot unilaterally define what international law means and expect others to follow. But, where necessary, we can advocate for reforms that reflect new global realities. The key point is that our interpretations must be part of a global conversation. Engaging with other perspectives is a necessary part of building a truly multilateral order – even one that gives countries more space to pursue “sovereign” economic policies.

International rule of law, cooperation and central bank independence

Now, since we are at a central bank, we cannot let dinner be served without mentioning central bank independence!

But bringing independence to the table is more than a central banker’s reflex. I believe that central bank independence perfectly illustrates the model of autonomy I have been outlining. Autonomy does not mean unbound power. Independent courts, specialised agencies, a free press – these all belong to the infrastructure of constitutional democracy as the essential checks and balances of public authority. And so do independent central banks.

Independence is, at its core, a rule-of-law guarantee. By committing to independence in law, countries around the world secure credibility for their monetary policy. And as we have seen on several occasions, that credibility ultimately affords greater autonomy to central banks – allowing, for example, policy tools to be adopted during crises without de-anchoring inflation expectations[1].

In Europe, the EU Treaty explicitly protects the ECB and national central banks from political instructions. Beyond the EU, the IMF promotes central bank independence, sometimes making it an explicit component of financial programmes. Independence thus becomes not only a domestic legal rule, but also a feature of the international financial rule of law – a condition for trust among states, markets and institutions.

And this trust is also the basis of cooperation between central banks themselves. Central banks work together on the assumption that each one of them remains mandate-driven and protected from undue political interference.

Of course, independence does not mean immunity from accountability. The rule of law demands transparency, responsibility and clear mandates. In Europe, the Treaties provide mechanisms to ensure that independence goes hand in hand with accountability.

Conclusion

Let me conclude.

The topics you are discussing at this conference are closely interwoven. European autonomy means acting decisively and collectively on the world stage to uphold our values and interests. Multilateralism means doing so in concert with others, under shared rules and through trusted institutions.

Far from being opposed, the two reinforce one another. Back in 1989, at another critical juncture, Jacques Delors called for Europe to be “powerful enough to command respect and to promote our values of freedom and solidarity.”[2]

The rule of law is not the enemy of autonomy; it is its foundation. The backbone of autonomy in a civilised world is the rule of law.

Consider the ECB: its independence, grounded in treaty law, gives Europe and its currency credibility and strength. More broadly, the EU can pursue its policy choices effectively precisely because they are framed by legal commitments that others recognise and respect.

The success of European autonomy should not be judged by how much Europe can do alone, but by how much and how well it can build and sustain the multilateral order. If the EU can stand on its own feet – technologically, militarily and economically – it will be a stronger partner. And its commitment to law and cooperation will enhance its legitimacy and impact.

As we enjoy our evening, let us remember that our laws are bridges, not walls. Their purpose is not to isolate, but to bind Member States together internally and bind Europe to the wider world externally. The challenge before us is to remain bold yet collaborative, independent yet interdependent. And if we see it like this, the challenge may serve as an opportunity for Europe to grow stronger and more united.

Thank you very much.

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UN chief calls for justice and ‘real change’ for people of African descent

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UN chief calls for justice and ‘real change’ for people of African descent

In a message released ahead of the Day, Mr. Guterres honoured the “extraordinary” contributions of people of African descent across every sphere of human endeavour. The Secretary-General also recognised the “long shadows” of slavery and colonialism, which include systemic racism, unequal economies and societies, and the digital divide (between those who are able to benefit from digital technology, and those who don’t have access).

Mr. Guterres hailed the Global Digital Compact – adopted in 2024 as part of the Pact for the Future, which promotes a multilateral system that reflects today’s realities and delivers for everyone, everywhere – as a step forward, citing commitments to tackle discrimination and hate speech in digital technologies. “White supremacy and dehumanising narratives,” wrote the UN chief, “are amplified by social media, and, too often, racial bias is encoded in algorithms.”

“Eighty years after the United Nations Charter reaffirmed the equal rights and inherent dignity of every human being, and sixty years since the adoption of the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination,” he concluded, “it is long past time to right historic wrongs.”

The Gateway to Freedom: International Memorial to the Underground Railroad in Detroit, Michigan, dedicated in 2001.

A decade of action

This year’s International Day is the first to take place during the second International Decade for People of African Descent, which runs from January 1, 2025, to December 31, 2034. The decade, which embraces the theme “People of African Descent: Recognition, Justice, and Development,” aims to highlight the importance of acknowledging the rights and contributions of people of African descent. Mr. Guterres has called for the next ten years to drive “real change,” including working towards a United Nations Declaration on the full respect of people of African descent’s human rights.

The first Decade saw more than 30 countries change their laws and policies to tackle racial discrimination and address specific issues faced by people of African descent – in some cases for the first time. The Permanent Forum on People of African Descent, was created, and new International Days were launched to celebrate the contributions of the diaspora, including those of women and girls.

Building on the progress made between 2015 and 2024, the second Decade seeks to amplify global efforts toward justice and development for individuals of African descent and create a more equitable future, in which the aspirations and rights of people of African descent are fully recognised, honoured, and celebrated.

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CompTIA Security+ Cost Guide: What You’ll Pay (and How to Save)

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So you’re thinking about taking the CompTIA Security+ exam? Smart move. Security+ is one of those certifications that

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Guterres condemns the detention of more United Nations staff in Yemen

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Guterres condemns the detention of more United Nations staff in Yemen

He said The Houthis entered the premises of the World Food Program (Wfp) In the capital, Sana’a, and seized the property of the UN, in addition to trying to enter other UN premises in the city.

The Houthis, also known as Ansar Allah, fought against the Yemeni government forces, supported by a coalition led by Saudi Arabia, for the control of the country for more than a decade.

Since October 2023, they have also targeted Israel as well as commercial ships of the Red Sea, in solidarity with the Palestinian cause in Gaza.

Release all the detainees

Mr. Guterres firmly reiterated his request for the immediate and unconditional liberation of staff and all other UN staff, international and national non -governmental organizations, civil society and diplomatic missions, which have been arbitrarily detained for more than a year and those that have been held since 2021 and 2023.

“UN staff and its partners should never be targeted, arrested or detained during their functions for the UN,” he said.

“The safety and safety of the staff and the goods of the UN as well as the inviolability of the UN premises must be guaranteed at any time.”

The Secretary General added that the UN will continue to work tirelessly to ensure the release of the members of detained staff and, with its partners, will continue to support the inhabitants of Yemen and their aspirations for a fair and lasting peace.

Envoy of the UN concerned

Meanwhile, the United Nations Special Envoy for Yemen said on Sunday that he “followed with great concern” recent developments in the country, where the areas controlled by the Houthis continued to be subjected to Israeli strikes following Houthi attacks against Israel.

Hans Grundberg reiterated that Yemen cannot afford to become a battlefield for a broader geopolitical conflict, stressing that these attacks must stop.

The special envoy continues to urge all parties to use the diplomatic channels available to defuse the situation.

Grundberg was also deeply concerned about deaths and civil injuries in recent Israeli attacks. In addition, according to Houthi statements, several senior Houthi officials and political interlocutors were killed and injured.

He called on all sides to protect civilians and civil infrastructure, in accordance with international law.

Originally published at Almouwatin.com

The efforts of help in progress after the Afghan earthquake “eliminated” the villages

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The efforts of help in progress after the Afghan earthquake “eliminated” the villages

“I am in full solidarity with the inhabitants of Afghanistan after the devastating earthquake that hit the country earlier in the day,” said the secretary general in an online message. “I indicate my biggest condolences to the families of the victims and I wish a rapid recovery to the injured. THE @UN The team in Afghanistan is mobilized and will spare no effort to help those who need it in the affected areas. »»

On the ground, several United Nations agencies Devastation reported through Four oriental provinces of Afghanistan, including Nangarhar and Kunar, Where staff and humanitarian partners already support rescue efforts.

Trapped

Witnesses indicated that the earthquake had taken place around midnight, at local time, which increases fears that many Afghans can still be trapped under the rubble of their houses.

It is estimated that the epicenter of the tremor was only about eight kilometers (six miles) underground, making the buildings tremble in the Afghan capital, Kabul, and in the Pakistani capital, Islamabad, according to information.

Among those who provide assistance are the United Nations assistance mission in Afghanistan (UNAMA)The U UN Aid Coordination Office (OCHA) THE United Nations World Health Organization (WHO) And many others.

“As a death report and injuries from the #earthquake in the eastern region of #Afghanistan continue to emerge, @WhoAfghanistan The teams are in the field in hospitals and health establishments, supporting the treatment of injured and evaluating urgent health needs, “said the United Nations Health Agency.

“We actively deliver essential drugs and supplies and deployment of health teams in affected areas to help #Savelives. “”

How the UN helps

United Nations teams are on the ground 160 countriesBy working with the authorities and partners of common programs in communities to promote climate action, food security, gender equality and civil security.

THE The UN has been present in Afghanistan since 1949; The work of the world organization there is motivated by the resident coordinator, Indrika Ratwatte, as head of a team of countries which includes around 20 agencies of the United Nations and international organizations such as the World Bank and the Asian Development Bank.

International call

Also on the ground to provide help, the United Nations Agency for Refugees, HcrNote that more than 2,000 people were probably injured in the province of Kunar alone. It is feared that the commercial city of Jalalabad had suffered a “very high number of deaths”, said Hcr spokesperson Babar Baloch.

The United Nations agency is one of those who rush to support the rescue to affected areas, including medical equipment, refuge, drinking water, tents and covers. He underlined how the urgency added “death and destruction” to the many other existing human challenges of Afghanistan which include drought and the Back of millions of nationals from neighboring countries.

Mr. Baloch insisted that the extent of this disaster “Based, goes beyond the current capacity of local authorities and communities … We call on the donor community around the world to urgently support help efforts.

Help teams will have to overcome difficult terrain to help some of the most remote communities that can only be reached on foot, Ochha note.

He said de facto authorities had deployed heavy machines in Nurgal and Chawkay districts to remove road blockages and that some sections were reopened. People injured by criticism were also transported by plane by Helicopterto Jalalabad and the hospitals of Asadabad who are now the main reference points for the victims of the provinces of Nangarhar and Kunar.

But “a certain number of isolated communities” can only be reached on foot with a journey time up to three hours from the point of obstruction, noted OCHA, stressing those of Dewagal Valley in the Chawkay district and the Mazar valley in the district of Nurgal, the province of Kunar.

The earthquake is one of the worst to strike Afghanistan and has come for less than two years since three earthquakes of magnitude of 6.3 mortals rocked Herat on the other side of the country. They struck on October 7, 11 and 15, killing 1,480 people and injuring 1,950 others in 382 villages, leaving general destruction.

Originally published at Almouwatin.com