The first successfully evacuated Bulgarians from Ukraine arrived in Moldova.
The House of Lords in England called for solidarity with Bulgaria against the background of the difficult situation in Ukraine, where battles are being fought in areas with a compact Bulgarian minority, BGNES reported.
During today’s meeting, Baroness Patricia Rawlings said that Russia’s hostilities were taking place very close to “our Bulgarian allies.”
“It is a fact that in the first hours of the Russian aggression most victims fell around the city of Odessa, south of which lives a 300,000-strong Bulgarian minority closely linked to Bulgaria,” she said, adding: “At any moment we can expect humanitarian crisis and waves of refugees that could pose even greater challenges to our Bulgarian allies. “
For this reason, Baroness Rawlings calls for a strong and extreme expression of British solidarity and support for the countries on the southern tip of NATO’s eastern flank.
Ministry of Foreign Affairs with the latest information on the evacuation from Ukraine
Meanwhile, the first successfully evacuated Bulgarians from Ukraine arrived in Moldova.
Two buses with Bulgarian citizens evacuated from Odessa, Ukraine, crossed the Moldovan border. With the assistance of our Consul General in Odessa, the buses were escorted by the Ukrainian police services for their smooth movement to the border.
Our compatriots traveling in personal motor vehicles were also included in the column, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs announced.
Diplomatic representatives of the Republic of Bulgaria have been sent to Romania and Moldova to provide the necessary assistance to our compatriots.
On the initiative and under the leadership of the new regional governor of the District with administrative center Varna – Blagomir Kotsev, a Regional Coordination Council was formed in connection with the crisis in Ukraine, the Regional Administration in Varna announced.
Its main activity will be related to the preparation for the reception of refugees in the region. The composition of the Council will include representatives of the Municipality of Varna, RHI – Varna, Border Police, OD of the Ministry of Interior – Varna, RDSP – Varna, hospitals and others. institutions.
The Bulgarian Hotel and Restaurant Association is ready to open some of the hotels in Sunny Beach for refugees from Ukraine. A proposal was also made by the Ministry of Tourism, BGNES reports. The hoteliers set a condition for the state to cover the costs of accommodation and food for the people, because the hotels are currently closed and staff has to be hired. Talks have already been held with some of the hoteliers in the resort, and they have sent a letter to the relevant ministry with a proposal to set a price for all hotels. At this stage, 10,000 beds can be provided.
Hoteliers in Sunny Beach are also ready to hire people from Ukraine. “You know that in our country there is a lack of staff in all industries, especially in our industry, in tourism. I work with Ukrainians and Bulgarians from Ukraine and I am very pleased with them for several years,” said the association.
We, the leaders of the European Commission, France, Germany, Italy, the United Kingdom, Canada, and the United States condemn Putin’s war of choice and attacks on the sovereign nation and people of Ukraine. We stand with the Ukrainian government and the Ukrainian people in their heroic efforts to resist Russia’s invasion. Russia’s war represents an assault on fundamental international rules and norms that have prevailed since the Second World War, which we are committed to defending. We will hold Russia to account and collectively ensure that this war is a strategic failure for Putin.
This past week, alongside our diplomatic efforts and collective work to defend our own borders and to assist the Ukrainian government and people in their fight, we, as well as our other allies and partners around the world, imposed severe measures on key Russian institutions and banks, and on the architects of this war, including Russian President Vladimir Putin.
As Russian forces unleash their assault on Kyiv and other Ukrainian cities, we are resolved to continue imposing costs on Russia that will further isolate Russia from the international financial system and our economies. We will implement these measures within the coming days.
Specifically, we commit to undertake the following measures:
First, we commit to ensuring that selected Russian banks are removed from the SWIFT messaging system. This will ensure that these banks are disconnected from the international financial system and harm their ability to operate globally.
Second, we commit to imposing restrictive measures that will prevent the Russian Central Bank from deploying its international reserves in ways that undermine the impact of our sanctions.
Third, we commit to acting against the people and entities who facilitate the war in Ukraine and the harmful activities of the Russian government. Specifically, we commit to taking measures to limit the sale of citizenship—so called golden passports—that let wealthy Russians connected to the Russian government become citizens of our countries and gain access to our financial systems.
Fourth, we commit to launching this coming week a transatlantic task force that will ensure the effective implementation of our financial sanctions by identifying and freezing the assets of sanctioned individuals and companies that exist within our jurisdictions. As a part of this effort we are committed to employing sanctions and other financial and enforcement measures on additional Russian officials and elites close to the Russian government, as well as their families, and their enablers to identify and freeze the assets they hold in our jurisdictions. We will also engage other governments and work to detect and disrupt the movement of ill-gotten gains, and to deny these individuals the ability to hide their assets in jurisdictions across the world.
Finally, we will step up our coordination against disinformation and other forms of hybrid warfare.
We stand with the Ukrainian people in this dark hour. Even beyond the measures we are announcing today, we are prepared to take further measures to hold Russia to account for its attack on Ukraine.
The FSB prevented a terrorist attack in an Orthodox church in Crimea, which was being prepared by supporters of the Right Sector banned in the Russian Federation, six people were detained, TASS reported from Simferopol on February 23, 2022 at the Center for Public Relations (CSP) of the FSB, Patriarchia.ru reports.
“The Federal Security Service prevented a terrorist act in theSimferopol diocese – Republic of Crimea. As a result of the measures taken, six Russian citizens were detained, who are supporters of the Ukrainian extremist organization Right Sector, who were preparing to detonate an improvised explosive device in one of the Orthodox churches in the region in order to intimidate the population, ”the CSO stressed.
The FSB reported that components for the manufacture of an explosive device with damaging elements and explosives were confiscated in the garage of one of the detainees. “Instructions for making them were found in the means of communication of the radicals, as well as correspondence with a discussion of the planned terrorist attack, which also confirms the involvement of the detainees in the propaganda of radical ideology on the Internet,” the security service added. In addition, the symbols of the “Right Sector” were confiscated from them.
Supporters of the Right Sector organization, banned in Russia, detained by the FSB were preparing a terrorist attack in the temple of Simferopol, a source in Crimea told TASS on Wednesday. According to the interlocutor of the agency, we are talking about a church in the urban-type settlement of Aeroflotsky, which is part of the borders of Simferopol.
On the website of the Simferopol deanery of the Simferopol and Crimean diocese, it is reported that an Orthodox church is operating in the village in the name of the icon of the Mother of God “Guide”. The whole life of the village is connected with aviation, local residents work in organizations related to the airport. The church was founded in 2008 and consecrated in 2011. It is located near the highway leading to the airport.
Bloody massacre without rules and regulations – this is how most people imagine gladiatorial battles. We still know from Spartacus that all gladiators were slaves and only men fought in the arena. And did you know that gladiatorial fights and sumo fights have a common cause, what role women have been given in battle, and how people have used gladiator sweat and blood? We have selected little known facts about gladiatorial battles – one of the most popular ancient spectacles.
Women also fought
Robins were regularly sent to the arena with men, but some free women grabbed the sword of their own accord. Historians are not sure exactly when women appeared in the ranks of gladiators, but by the first century AD they have become a common sight in battle. A relief dating from around the 2nd century depicts a battle between two gladiators called the Amazon and Achilles.
Not all gladiators were slaves
Not all gladiators were brought to the arena in chains. By the first century, the excitement of battle and the roar of the crowd began to attract many free people, who began to enroll voluntarily in gladiatorial schools in the hope of gaining fame and money. These were often ex-soldiers, and the fame of gladiators haunted some high-class patricians, knights, and even senators.
Gladiators did not always fight to the death
The most famous arena was the Colosseum. The second largest amphitheater is located in modern Tunisia. Arenas have been preserved in Paris and even in the Croatian city of Pula. Hollywood often portrays gladiatorial fights as bloody fights without rules, while most of the competitions were held under very strict rules. The competition was usually a duel between two men of equal height and experience. There were even judges who stopped the fight as soon as one of the participants was seriously injured. In addition, the match could end in a draw if the audience gets bored of the long battle. Because maintaining gladiators was expensive, their masters did not want the fighter killed in vain. However, the life of a gladiator was short: historians have estimated that every 5-10 battles one of the participants died, and rarely did a gladiator live to 25 years.
Gladiators have seldom fought animals
Whether we like it or not, the Colosseum and other Roman arenas today are often associated with animal hunting (or vice versa). First, the battle with wild animals was reserved for bestiaries – a special class of warriors who fought against all kinds of animals: from deer and ostriches to lions, crocodiles, bears and even elephants. Hunting animals was usually the first event of the games, and it was not uncommon for many unfortunate creatures to be killed in a series of battles. Nine thousand animals were killed during the 100-day opening ceremony of the Colosseum. Second, wild animals were also a popular form of execution. Convicted criminals and Christians were often thrown to predatory dogs, lions and bears as part of daily entertainment.
One of the most poignant such scenes is depicted in Henrik Senkiewicz’s historical novel Quo Vadis from 1896. The fights were originally part of funeral ceremonies. that gladiatorial battles arose as a funeral ritual for the rich. By the way, in this they are similar to the ancient Japanese sumo wrestling, which was also originally part of a funeral rite.
The Romans believed that human blood helped purify the soul of the deceased, and competitions could replace human sacrifices. Funeral games later expanded during the reign of Julius Caesar, who organized fights between hundreds of gladiators. Spectacles proved so popular that by the end of the first century BC. officials began to fund the fighting to gain the disposition of the masses. Emperors also participated in battles Gladiator games were an easy way for Roman emperors to win the love of the people, but some of them went further and did not limit themselves to organizing spectacles. Caligula, Titus, Adrian, Commodus (he fought 735 battles. Staged, of course) and others performed at the arena. Naturally, under strictly controlled conditions: with blunt weapons and under the strict supervision of security.
“Thumbs down” did not always mean death
Cinema often misrepresents history. The legendary gesture with the thumb is no exception. Here it is worth clarifying: about the legendary gesture described by the phrase Pollice Verso (Latin “inverted thumb”), scientists are still arguing. Some historians believe that the sign of death may have been “thumbs up”, while “thumbs down” may have meant mercy and was interpreted as “swords down”. Whatever gesture was used, it was usually accompanied by the piercing shouts of the crowd “Let go!” or “Kill!”. The gesture was popularized in 1872 by the French artist Jean-Leon Jerome in the painting “Pollice Verso”, which today has impressed Ridley Scott during the filming of “Gladiator”. Gladiators had their own categories. By the time the Colosseum was opened around 80 AD, gladiatorial games had gone from unorganized battle to death to a well-regulated, albeit bloody, sport. The fighters were divided into classes according to their achievements, level of skills and experience, each had its own specialization in the weapons and combat equipment used. The most popular were the Thracians and their main opponents the Myrmilons. In Raphael Giovanioli’s novel Spartacus, the protagonist fights in the arena with Thracian weapons. There were also equities that entered the horse arena; esedarii, who fought on chariots; and smokers who wielded two swords at once.
Gladiators were real stars
There are legends that Spartacus – the brave leader of the slave revolt against Rome, was born in the Sandanski region. Nowadays, the statue of Spartacus is one of the symbols of the city. Photo: tourism.government.bg Portraits of many successful gladiators decorated the walls in public places. The children played with clay figures of gladiators. The most enterprising fighters advertised food. Many women wore jewelry soaked in the blood of gladiators, and some even mixed gladiator sweat, which was considered a special aphrodisiac, into face creams and other cosmetics. Fascinating … isn’t it? The whole atmosphere is felt. And what other facts about gladiators exist?
Gladiators united in unions
Although they were regularly forced to fight to the death, gladiators considered themselves a kind of brotherhood, and some even united in alliances with a kind of leaders and guardian deities. When a warrior died in battle, these groups organized a dignified funeral for their comrade and, if he had a family, paid monetary compensation to relatives for the loss. Here are some interesting features of gladiatorial battles.
Photo: The painting “Pollice Verso” by Jean-Leon Jerome. Public Domain
How the officers of the KGB, the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the Soviet Army carried out the most daring robbery in the history of the USSR.
36 years ago, on November 14, 1986, the largest robbery of cash collectors in the history of the USSR was committed in Moscow. In terms of today’s money, the extraction of the raiders amounted to 31 million rubles, a huge amount at that time. The gang consisted entirely of retired and active police officers, the KGB and the Soviet army. These people, who called themselves “the first mafia of the USSR”, planned the operation well, but, as often happens, at some point something went wrong. Escaping pursuit, the hijackers staged a real gunman on the streets of Moscow with chases and shootings, and it took Soviet investigators only 15 hours to solve this case. The history of one of the most notorious crimes in the history of the Soviet Union was recalled by the special correspondent of Lenta.ru, Igor Nadezhdin.
On Friday, November 14, 1986, it was cold in Moscow: for the first time the daytime temperature dropped below zero. True, there was no precipitation, but a strong wind was blowing. There was nothing interesting on TV, but there was a premiere in the movies: the American comedy melodrama “Wild Thing”. Therefore, there were not many people on the streets.
The Molodezhny department store in Moscow, on the Mozhaisk highway, was popular with all fashionistas in the capital – “imports” and “shortages” were often brought here. Stores in the country (except for the largest ones) were closed for many decades at 20:00, or even at 19:00, which was inconvenient: the working day in the vast majority of offices and at enterprises ended at 18:00.
Therefore, there was little time left for shopping, and trips to the shops were postponed for the weekend, which led to queues.
With the coming to power in the USSR of Mikhail Gorbachev, and in Moscow – Boris Yeltsin, the first secretary of the city committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, the opening hours of retail outlets “at the numerous requests of the working people” were revised: manufactured goods stores began to close at 21:00. There were no convenience stores at all – that would be contrary to the Labor Code. So by November 1986, Molodezhny began to close not at eight o’clock in the evening, but an hour later – at nine.
On November 14, 1986, a white cash-in-transit Volga GAZ-3101 drove up to the service entrance of the department store at 21:07. This was the last point on the route, therefore, according to the instructions, shift leader Karpinsky and driver Mishin remained in the car with the money already collected, and only the collector Novikov went to the store.
On that day, the collectors were not accompanied by a police patrol car – according to official information, the car broke down. But this happened often, and there was nothing extraordinary about it.
How collectors transported money to the USSR
After a short collection (the working day was over, the cashiers had already counted the money and filled in all the necessary documents before the arrival of the collectors, and put the cash in special bags) Novikov went out together with the police sergeant Vera Alfimova, who was guarding the store.
Her shift was over and she was in a hurry to go home. An hour before that, at about eight in the evening, she handed over her service weapon in the regional police department and changed into civilian clothes – so she accompanied the collectors in civilian clothes. After watching the collector Novikov put the bag with the proceeds into the car, she hurried to the bus stop
When Novikov put the bag in the back seat of the Volga and sat in the front seat himself, two criminals opened fire on the car: one, in police uniform, fired a pistol from the driver’s side, the other, in civilian clothes, from a sawn-off shotgun on the passenger side. Novikov, who did not even have time to slam the door, and the driver Mishin were killed on the spot, and the shift leader Karpinsky was wounded in the shoulder and lost consciousness.
Alfimova, hearing the shots, rushed back – and she was shot at point-blank range by a man in a police overcoat. After that, the false policeman in cold blood shot twice at Karpinsky, who was sitting in the back seat, and both times he missed.
During the investigation it will be established: the shots rang out at 21:15
The robber in civilian clothes grabbed one of the bags from the back seat (it contained 330 thousand rubles – 31 million rubles at the modern exchange rate) and rushed towards Ryabinovaya Street. At the same time, another 150 thousand rubles remained intact in other bags lying in the “Volga”. After that, the “policeman” ran after the robber with a pistol in his hands. From the outside, everything looked as if the police officer was catching up with the criminal.
After running a few tens of meters, both hijackers took a calm step: no one was chasing them, the shots did not attract the residents’ special attention, and there were no passers-by in the yard. Both walked in their yards to Ryabinovaya Street, where a car was waiting for them. But in the courtyard of Ryabinovaya Street, Igor Kondratenko, an engineer at Soyuzsudoimport, was walking the dog.
Kondratenko decided that the police officer had detained some criminal and stood calmly in the street, but the policeman, passing by him, suddenly raised his pistol and pulled the trigger. There was no shot – the cartridges in the clip ran out – and Kondratenko was forced to lie on the ground
The man showed great courage – hiding behind the bushes, followed the strange couple and noticed the car they got into. And when the attackers left, he jumped out onto the road, stopped the vehicle of the PMG (a mobile police group) and told them the signs of the car in which the armed men were sitting: a blue VAZ-2108 and two numbers.
Moscow action movie
The patrolmen quickly found this car: the G8 was standing at a traffic light at the intersection of Aminevskoye Highway and Artamonov Street, waiting for a green traffic light. UAZ with the included beacons blocked the road. The driver of the VAZ got out and quite calmly asked what was the matter.
He was asked to show his documents, he reached into his pocket – and at that moment two passengers, one of whom was in the uniform of a police captain, opened fire on the patrolmen. An exchange of fire began, during which police sergeant Andrei Kuzmin was wounded.
The criminals managed to escape from the scene, but the militiamen immediately reported the incident by radio and reported the exact signs of the car, as well as the route of its movement.
In 1986, a shootout in Moscow, especially with the police, was a serious emergency, and the entire metropolitan garrison was immediately raised on alarm: patrol service, internal troops, traffic police and transport police.
A few minutes later, on the side of the Aminevskoye Highway, the body of a man was found with three gunshot wounds: one light and two fatal, including one in the head. In his pocket they found documents for the very wanted G8, as well as a certificate of the retired USSR KGB captain Konstantin Golubkov.
The criminals’ car was found a few minutes later near the Universitet metro station – it was flying at high speed along Vernadsky Avenue, when suddenly a trolleybus pulled out in front of it.
Avoiding the collision, the driver twisted the steering wheel, the car ran into a pile of sand left by the workers on the road (to fight the ice) and lay down on its side. According to witnesses, two people jumped out of it and ran in different directions.
The police appeared at the scene just a few minutes later and immediately began searching for those who had escaped. It was possible to notice one, several officers ran after him, but the suspect rushed straight into the Ramenka river and swam across it, right in his clothes. On the street at that moment it was already minus two degrees, and the police simply did not dare to follow him.
He was found literally a few minutes later: while combing the other bank, senior sergeant of the 116th police department of the Gagarinsky district department of internal affairs Aleksey Kozlov entered the boiler room of the road base. There, besides the stoker, was an unknown person. He shot a policeman and then committed suicide.
“A terrible and unprecedented crime”
Five days before this “western”, on Monday, November 9, the Collegium of the USSR Prosecutor General’s Office made a decision: to send a senior investigator for especially important cases under the RSFSR prosecutor, the head of the banditry investigation department to Rostov-on-Don to investigate a series of murders in the Rostov region Prosecutor’s Office of the RSFSR Issu Kostoev, releasing him from all other cases.
The next day, November 10, Kostoev flew to Rostov, where he briefly familiarized himself with the materials of the investigation, which later became known worldwide as the “Chikatilo case” (by that time there were 32 murders), and on Friday, November 14, he returned to Moscow – to hand over the cases.
It so happened that at the time of the attack on the collectors, he turned out to be the only “important person” in the capital – the rest worked in other cities. And at about 22:00, the prosecutor of the RSFSR, Sergei Yemelyanov, phoned Kostoev’s home.
Yemelyanov’s favorite word was “catastrophe”, and he began the conversation with me with him: “Issa Magomedovich, we have a catastrophe. The most audacious, most terrible, unprecedented crime in the USSR was committed: they attacked collectors, killed a police officer. The car has already left for you, get down “
Investigator Kostoev was at the scene about an hour after the attack, when information was still being collected. He realized that there are five places of incidents that need to be inspected, five dead and three seriously injured, a large sum of money has been stolen, and in the yard of the department store there is no pushing through from the bosses.
At the same time, the only witness, the wounded collector Karpinsky, was taken to the intensive care unit. Then Kostoev quickly sent investigators and forensic experts from the district prosecutor’s office and the Moscow city prosecutor’s office to inspect the scene of the incidents, and he himself flew to the hospital.
I fought my way into the intensive care unit, the doctors did not want to let me in and even tore off the button on my uniform, trying to hold me back. But he received important information: one of the shooters was in the uniform of a police captain, slightly overgrown and thin
By one in the morning, it was established that the criminal who committed suicide in the boiler room was Igor Knigin, a former police officer, then a huntsman in a hunting farm in the Vladimir region. It immediately turned out that the former KGB officer Golubkov, who was found on the side of the Aminevskoye Highway, after retiring, worked as a director in this hunting farm. But the identity of the third remained unknown.
In addition, several witnesses said that during the attack on the collectors, a senior lieutenant of the USSR Armed Forces was standing near the neighboring house, who clearly watched what was happening, but did not intervene. Actually, it was precisely the fact that the Soviet officer calmly watched as collectors and a woman were killed, and attracted attention to him.
And after the hijackers fled, he calmly walked the other way. True, in the first minutes they did not attach any importance to these readings.
For a formal identification of the deceased Knigin, his mother was brought to the boiler room late at night. An elderly woman, seeing the body of her son, fell into a state of shock, from which she was able to be taken out only in the morning. And in a conversation with Kostoev, she recalled in detail Friday – the day of the raid at Molodezhny.
In particular, she said that at about 23:00 a former colleague of Knigin, also a former detective of the criminal investigation department, Valery Fineev, phoned home. He asked Knigin: they say, he left a business trip with them at home, which should be noted.
Already in the morning, while inspecting the scene near the Universitet metro station, the overturned car found sawn-off shotguns, grenades, knives and a stolen cash bag: it contained 330 thousand rubles, the largest sum ever stolen in the USSR.
Moreover, more than ten thousand rubles – a trifle, that is, the weight of the bag was about 25 kilograms. It is curious that the bag was found only in the morning: it lay all night under the protection of the only patrolman
Fineev was detained and taken to Petrovka. There, MUR officers talked to him and came to the conclusion that he was not involved in the crime, but simply arrived in Moscow with the commandant’s permission to celebrate his family’s birthday. Indeed, on November 14, 1986, he turned 27 years old.
Fineev was serving his sentence in Tver, in “chemistry” (forced labor) – being a police officer and a colleague of Knigin, he tortured the detainees, and extorted money from one of them for not being prosecuted, which he got caught on. But he did not turn in his accomplices and received a relatively short term: there was no convincing evidence.
Despite this, Kostoev nevertheless decided to talk to Fineev himself. From the scene, he arrived at Petrovka and immediately noticed that Fineev was wearing uniform police trousers. During the conversation, he behaved absolutely calmly and showed his passport, confirming that he was celebrating his birthday.
Throughout his Friday, Fineev told by the minute: where and to whom he went, what he did, with whom he met. He said that he had asked Knigin to mark his travel certificate. But he stubbornly passed over in silence his late call to Knigin. And I suddenly understand: he does it on purpose
Then Kostoev provoked Fineev: “I’ve been listening to your lies for an hour, I’m tired of it. You yourself understand, for such a crime they smear their forehead with brilliant green. As a former operative, you understand perfectly well that in such cases everyone starts to blame each other, no one wants to go with a steam locomotive. “
An uninvolved person immediately reacts to such accusations, and Fineev simply turned pale and fell silent. And after a long pause, he suddenly asks: “What have Knigin and Subachev already told?” And I almost cried out: “What kind of Subachev? Were there three of you? ” And only then I understand – he actually confessed
“It was not enough yet – I’ll disclose to you the testimony of others. Take paper and write! ” – said Kostoyev. And he himself gave the command to look for a certain Subachev. At this time, Fineev began to tell everything he knew under the protocol and video recording. Yevgeny Subachev was found an hour later: the man with this surname turned out to be a senior lieutenant and political officer of the military construction unit in Odintsovo. During a search in his apartment, they found a gas mask bag containing four bottles with Molotov cocktails.
Good guys
By the mid-1980s, criminal groups led or included by police officers were no longer something isolated, although there were still several years before the mass appearance of “werewolves in uniform” and “sent Cossacks”.
In December 1984 – January 1985, in Moscow, on Zaraiskaya Street and Stalevarov Street, there were attacks on cash collectors who were taking off the proceeds in stores. 25 and 30 thousand rubles, respectively, became the production of criminals, and two collectors were killed.
As it turned out, the crime was committed by a gang, one of the leaders of which was a traffic police lieutenant named Savchenko
And in May 1986, in Volgograd, the head of the regional police department, Major General Konstantin Ivanov, and several police colonels were detained: they, together with civilians, organized a system of extortions and were convicted of bribes and abuse of office. But the daring gang, all of the officers, was revealed for the first time.
The leader of the group is Igor Knigin, born in 1955: it was he who united all the members of the gang. Strong-willed, decisive, ambitious, recognized leader, but power-hungry and unprincipled.
He entered a military school, but was expelled, worked as a school teacher, editor in a publishing house, then in the State Traffic Inspectorate, and then as an inspector of the criminal investigation department in the 114th police department of the Oktyabrsky district police department of Moscow (now the OMVD in the Lomonosovsky district).
In 1984 he was dismissed from the internal affairs bodies and got a job as a gamekeeper in the Kosterovskoye hunting farm, the director of which was Konstantin Golubkov, born in 1946, he became the oldest member of the gang
After serving 15 years in the 9th Main Directorate of the KGB of the USSR (guarding the first persons of the state, now the FSO), Golubkov retired and became the director of the hunting farm, where the first persons of the state came to hunt – in fact, it was a place for veterans of the nine.
It was there that Golubkov met Knigin. From the weapons of this hunting farm, the gang members made sawn-off pieces for themselves, there they also planned an attack on the collectors at Molodezhny, and how they would lay down on the bottom during a search: the status of “court grounds” guaranteed the absence of checks by the police.
Actually, it was at Golubkov’s G8 that a raid on a department store was carried out. And his subordinate, the huntsman Knigin, shot the wounded in the shoulder Golubkov: he fired the first shot in the car, and the second, in the head, already on the sidelines. He did this so as not to carry the wounded man with him.
Valery Fineev, born in 1959, is an inspector of the criminal investigation department of the same 114th police department, a colleague and comrade of Knigina, his accomplice in all crimes.
In July 1984, he literally knocked out a confession about a warehouse robbery from a person who was completely innocent of the crime, for which he was fired and put on trial.
But Fineev did not betray his accomplices. Apparently, therefore, the commandant of the colony in the city of Kalinin (now – Tver), where the convict was serving his sentence, calmly signed Fineev’s “business trips” to Moscow. After all, then the places of imprisonment were listed under the Ministry of Internal Affairs, and there was a completely different attitude to “ours”.
Evgeny Subachev Born in 1957 – Senior Lieutenant of the USSR Armed Forces. He entered the military school together with Knigin, but was not expelled and after his studies he served in the military construction unit in Odintsovo.
He showed himself on the positive side, the position held as deputy company commander for political affairs corresponds. In May 1984, for the loss of political vigilance and the use of his official position for personal purposes, he was expelled from the ranks of the CPSU
From the characteristics of Evgeny Subachev from 1986
All members of the gang were completely different people. What united two former police officers who tortured detainees and extortion, an army officer who dreamed of a rich life, and an honored KGB officer who served in one of the most elite units, where only crystal honest people were selected, remains a mystery.
Pioneers of contract crimes
The history of the gang, as it turned out during the investigation, began in the early 80s, when two operatives became friends in one police station: Fineev and Knigin. The ringleader was clearly the latter: he was more often the initiator of torture, threats and extortion.
There were many complaints against them, more than against their colleagues: they would either appropriate a beautiful imported trinket during a search, or force the witness to take them to a fancy restaurant and feed them, threatening to make them accused if they refused.
In November 1984, Knigin, Fineev and Subachev plotted to kill an underground drug dealer, a waiter at the popular Moscow cafe and boxer Oganezov.
This was, perhaps, the first ordered crime in the USSR – Oganezov’s ex-wife, a young woman who wanted to become an heiress, turned to Knigin with a corresponding request.
Fineev and Knigin, under the pretext of a police raid, came to Oganezov’s apartment with a check, and Knigin was in police uniform, and Fineev was in civilian clothes, but with a vigilante’s armband. In his testimony, Fineev first said that it was just intelligence, but later admitted: they were ready to use the knife they brought with them.
Fortunately, the landlord had friends as guests. A few days later they came to the apartment again, but Oganezov had a girlfriend.
For six months, the accomplices left the potential victim alone. Only in July 1984, already the three of us, developed a new plan: to pick up Oganezov from the cafe, drive him out of town by car and stab him there. Two were supposed to hold the hands of the boxer, and the third was to kill
The plan was partially implemented: Knigin and Subachev in police uniform entered the cafe where Oganezov was celebrating his birthday and took him to the police station for checking. They took him to the forest by car, but on the way they offered him “not to investigate his drug affairs” for a large bribe.
The victim did not have money with him, he said that he had left it in a cafe and offered to return. Greed won: the car returned to the Moskovsky, where Oganezov broke free and fled. And he immediately turned to their native 114th department and asked the police to protect him from blackmail by the police.
During the check, Oganezov unambiguously identified Fineev, but did not recognize Knigin. It was for this case that Senior Lieutenant Fineyev was fired from the authorities and brought to justice.
First blood
On June 20, 1983, Fineev and Knigin killed an underground dealer in precious metals, John Sarkhoshian. John had a young wife who, having accidentally met Knigin, became his mistress. Sarkhoshyan found out about the connection and threatened to expel his spouse “in what the mother gave birth to.”
At the same time, most of the property was recorded precisely in the woman – this was a feature of the life of underground Soviet millionaires. Then Knigin easily made inquiries about Sarkhoshyan in the OBKhSS (the department for combating the theft of socialist property – now the Office for Combating Economic Crimes and Corruption) and realized that the case could burn out.
Knigin took Fineev as accomplices. They came to Sarkhoshyan on Gorky Street (now Tverskaya) and, under the pretext of the need to identify the body of the deceased woman, who may be his brother’s wife, asked to go to the police station
Issa Kostoev
For the operation they took a “Moskvich”, which was standing near the department. When Sarkhoshian got into the car and they drove out onto Gorky Street, Fineev fired a Webley & Scott revolver at the victim, and Knigin stuck a Finn into his heart. The body was taken to Nemchinovka and drowned in a swamp, where they buried a knife. The revolver (apparently stolen during one of the searches) was saved – it is later used more than once.
The young widow said that she did not know anything about the murder of her husband, but on the same day, as it was established during the investigation, she changed all the locks in the apartment. She filed an application for the search for Sarkhoshian, but, having learned the occupation of the disappeared, his disappearance was attributed to “competitors in the shadow business”.
We found Sarkhoshian’s body in the winter of 1986-1987. I had to call army miners and blow up the ice on the lake. For 11 days they searched for a place with a mine detector, where they trampled a knife into the ground – and found it. Thus, Fineev’s testimony was fully confirmed.
Issa Kostoev – “I hit a policeman with a knife on the shoulder blade”
Even while serving in the police, Knigin and Fineev planned a whole series of crimes, for which they collected information. They understood that they needed more weapons, and at some point they had a very cynical idea: to kill a policeman.
On February 27, 1985 Knigin and Fineev went to visit Subachev in Odintsovo. We returned late in the evening by train, and Knigin had a CZ pistol with him, and Fineev had a stiletto. It so happened that in several carriages of the train there was not a single passenger besides them. Then they organized an ambush: they dispersed to different ends of the carriage and began to wait for the patrol officer, Junior Sergeant Smirnov.
From the testimony of Valery Fineev:
“When a policeman passed me, I caught up with him and stabbed him under his left shoulder blade. The policeman turned to me, but then Knigin jumped up, and together we knocked the junior sergeant to the floor. Then Knigin shot him in the head, I took the service pistol from the holster, and Knigin – the spare clip, and we got out of the carriage at Setun station. I gave the pistol to Knigin and threw out the stiletto. “
Smirnov’s murder caused a huge resonance in society and in the security forces. Because of him, the combat regulations of the transport police were changed: from that day on, patrolmen in transport went at least together. The crime was taken under control, and within a few weeks the Ministry of Internal Affairs announced the arrest of four assassins of the junior sergeant.
But during the investigation into the robbery of collectors, Fineev confessed to the same crime. The examination showed that during the raid near the Molodezhny department store, Makarov pistol No. 14444, assigned to Smirnov and stolen during the murder, was used, and the weapon itself was removed from Knigin’s body.
After that, I immediately requested information about the murder of Sergeant Smirnov. I was immediately informed: the criminals were convicted, one was sentenced to death, three more – to long terms
Kostoev interrogated the convicts and found out that they were all tortured, they were all taken to the scene of the incident and promised to “shoot them while trying to escape.” So they knocked out a confession, although there was nothing but words in this criminal case. Despite this, they were all found guilty.
Only the delay in the appeal saved one from death and three from a long sentence. This criminal case under the article on violation of socialist legality remained unfinished. I left for Rostov, and he was transferred to the region and clouded over. True, all those involved from the authorities were dismissed, but went unpunished.
***
The attack on the collectors near the Molodezhny department store was solved in 15 hours – already at noon on November 15, 1986, all the criminals were arrested and confessed. It turned out that they had rehearsed the crime several times, considered a variety of options. The presence of Subachev also found its explanation: he had to throw Molotov cocktails at the escort patrol car. But she broke that day.
A year later, on November 12, 1987, Vera Alfimova (posthumously), Andrey Kuzmin and Aleksey Kozlov, wounded in a shootout, were awarded orders
Six more police officers, from lieutenant colonel to senior lieutenant, received medals for their courage and dedication during the arrest of a gang of especially dangerous criminals. Issa Kostoev and the investigators of his group received only awards of 100 rubles.
On October 30, 1987, the military tribunal of the Moscow Military District sentenced Fineev to an exceptional punishment – execution, and Subachev – to ten years in prison: the court took into account that there was no blood on his hands.
Those convicted of the murder of junior sergeant Smirnov (which they did not commit) were acquitted and rehabilitated.
The data that indicate that the disaster was in the spring are different – annual rings of growth of some bones, chemical data on the availability of food
Well-preserved fossils of fish found in North Dakota provide information about one of the worst days in Earth’s history – the global disaster caused by a 12-kilometer asteroid that fell on the Yucatan Peninsula, Reuters reported.
The mass extinction it caused destroyed three-quarters of the species at the end of the Cretaceous, and conditions for the dominance of mammals, including humans, emerged.
Scientists have determined that this happened in the spring at the fossil site called the Tanis deposit, and in the northern hemisphere, including where the asteroid fell. They studied the bones of three sturgeon and three rowing fish that died within 30 minutes of the asteroid’s crash 3,500 kilometers away.
The analysis shows that hail from the glass hit the place. They found small spheres in the gills of the fish – molten material ejected from the impact of space, which crystallized before falling to earth. The fossils from Tanis also prove that a huge water wave has swept away all the inhabitants along the way. Among the dinosaurs that lived there was Tyrannosaurus Rex.
The data that indicate that the disaster was in the spring are different – annual rings of growth of some bones, chemical data on the availability of food.
Spring is a time of growth and reproduction for many organisms. This season is vital for the survival of the species, said study co-author Sophie Sanchez of Uppsala University.
In the southern hemisphere, it was autumn, a season when many creatures prepare for winter deprivation.
Dinosaurs have disappeared, along with their inherited birds, as well as many marine groups, including predatory reptiles that have ruled the seas. Survivors include rowing fish and sturgeon.
The asteroid has carved a 180 km wide crater. It has caused earthquakes, fires, shock waves in the air, seismic waves on the ground and huge waves in water bodies. Such waves with a huge amount of sediment reached the Tanis object 15 to 30 minutes after the fall of the asteroid and buried everything alive. The disaster did not end that day. The rising cloud of dust caused a climate catastrophe similar to a nuclear winter and blocked sunlight for years. This doomed countless species.
Red pepper is one of the most commonly used spices, but we do not even guess how many health benefits are hidden in it.
1. Improves digestion Red pepper has stimulating properties in terms of digestion, as it has the ability to increase the secretion of gastric juice. This regulates appetite and reduces the desire to eat unhealthy foods. Red pepper helps prevent obesity and diabetes. In addition, it facilitates the processing of food residues in the intestine, reducing the likelihood of constipation. This spice also reduces the likelihood of inflammatory bowel diseases such as ulcerative colitis.
2. Strengthens the body’s defenses Vitamin C, which is a powerful antioxidant, is found in significant amounts in red pepper. This substance plays a key role in maintaining immunity. Black pepper also contains the antioxidant rutin, which is a natural anti-inflammatory agent. This ingredient also has an antimicrobial effect that helps fight infections. Adding a small amount of paprika to main dishes, including soups, can significantly improve the immune defense mechanism, prevent coughs, colds and fevers.
3. Improves the condition of the skin Red pepper contains in high doses one of the most important trace elements – zinc, which is involved in the synthesis of collagen and therefore helps heal wounds and improves skin condition. In addition, this spice contains powerful antioxidants known as catechins, which are extremely effective in rejuvenating the skin. The presence of beta-carotene in red pepper dramatically reduces the chance of deep lines, wrinkles and age spots, making the skin radiant and smooth.
4. Strengthens bones Saturated with phosphorus, necessary to maintain the strength of bones and connective tissue, red pepper has the ability to prevent serious bone diseases such as osteoporosis and arthritis. Phosphorus in it regulates the absorption of calcium from the tissues of the teeth, thus strengthening the gums and jaw bones.
5. Reduces the risk of Alzheimer’s Powerful plant antioxidants in red pepper explain its ability to protect brain cells. Phenolic compounds of the anthocyanin class protect neurons from damage. This reduces the risk of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease.
6. Strengthens the heart Due to the abundance of vitamin E and omega-3 fatty acids in its composition, red pepper significantly reduces the levels of “bad” cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood. In addition, it lowers blood pressure and lowers arterial pressure, thus preventing serious cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis. This is due to the presence of the antioxidant anthocyanin.
7. Prevents cancer The polyphenols in this spice have an extremely powerful effect in preventing cancer. These compounds extract harmful free radicals from healthy cells in the kidneys, liver and bones, thus preventing the development of cancer cells.
8. Supports eye health Red pepper is rich in vitamin A and therefore adding just a pinch of it to salads, soups and meat dishes offers great benefits for eye health. The content of lutein, zeaxanthin and beta-carotene in this spice explains its ability to improve the functioning of the visual system, as well as reduce the risk of developing age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma and cataracts.
9. Improves blood circulation Pepper is rich in iron – a vital trace element needed for the formation of new red blood cells, which ensures the transfer of oxygen and essential nutrients to organs in the body. Due to its high content of vitamin C, red pepper improves the absorption of iron from the tissues and thus effectively prevents anemia, which causes fatigue, lethargy and leads to deterioration of mental health.
10. Treats insomnia Black pepper contains large amounts of vitamin B6 or pyridoxine, which is a powerful nutrient that has a positive effect on neurological and brain activity. It helps in the synthesis of the sleep hormone melatonin, thus relieving insomnia and ensuring proper sleep. Adding a pinch of paprika to food helps maintain the neurotransmitter activity of serotonin, which improves mood, relieves stress and cures depression.
Important: The article is for informational purposes only and cannot replace the consultation with a doctor or a specialist in healthy eating, as well as to cancel the prescribed treatment or the recommendations given by him!
The newest museum in the elite district of the UAE capital, the Museum of the Future, opened its doors in Dubai with a laser light show. It is located in an unusual architectural structure of steel and glass with a silver color and elliptical shape.
Roadside signs describe the museum, located near the world’s tallest building, the Burj Khalifa, as “the most beautiful building on Earth” before the grand opening.
The museum of the future is decorated with Arabic calligraphy with quotes from the ruler of Dubai and the Prime Minister of the United Arab Emirates Mohammed bin Rashid al Maktoum.
The sheikh is one of the main leaders of the new mission of the Emirates, which aims to reduce the country’s energy dependence. They want to attract technology, finance and other companies to Dubai and other cities to help them do so.
The museum is 77 meters high and covers 30,000 square meters, and is combined with three elements – greenery, structure and air.
Its task is to offer space for innovative and futuristic ideology, services and products. The building itself is ranked by the prestigious National Geographic magazine as one of the 14 most beautiful museums in the world, and the project is by architect Sean Keel. It is powered by 4,000 megawatts of solar energy from stations connected to the building itself.
They set so many records in the emirate that the Guinness Book of World Records has opened a special office there. The two parts of Bur Dubai and Deira, one a hotel and the other a commercial one, have grown into a state-of-the-art high-tech metro city run by a computer, not a living driver, with separate carriages for women and children and lovers of luxury.
Everyone has heard of the world’s tallest building, the Burj Khalifa – 828 meters. But there is also the tallest hotel in the world. The largest flower plant in the world.
The biggest fireworks in the world … A total of 157 Dubai. However, the mentioned sensual fireworks will be stopped next year due to environmental reasons. And this New Year, instead of one place, fireworks were scattered in 29 places to avoid crowds due to the pandemic.
And the biggest singing fountains were not available to visitors on the holiday night.
Zoo workers who have sent the birds to enclosures away from human eyes hope they can improve.
Five gray parrots from Lincolnshire Wildlife Park, which is located in eastern England, had to be seated in different enclosures, because they united, cursing at visitors with obscene words. It is reported by the BBC.
African gray parrots Billy, Eric, Tyson, Jade and Elsie joined a colony of 200 other parrots in August. Due to the move to a new location, they were immediately quarantined. The result was unexpected: “after serving time”, the birds significantly enriched their vocabulary and began to curse at others.
Pretty soon, the aviary with foul-mouthed parrots began to attract attention: “At first, their cursing made us laugh, but then they themselves began to laugh, and it went: one starts to curse, others laugh, it turns him on even more, then the next one intercepts the baton, and the stream swearing and laughter flows just like in some kind of workers’ club “, – the local edition of Lincolnshire Live quotes one of the top managers of the zoo.
Zoo executive director Steve Nichols says that sometimes birds familiar with abusive language come to them, but five at once – this is the first time. Visitors, hearing rude words addressed to them, were surprised and could not help laughing, says the manager. But since there are families with children in the zoo, it was decided to isolate the birds.
“I hope that in isolation they learn more new words. Because if they teach others to use bad language and I have 250 cursing birds, I don’t know what we’ll do,” Nichols throws up his hands.
We will remind, earlier it was reported that drug addicts parrots ravage poppy fields in India. Intoxicated birds zigzag and crash into trees until the drug wears off, then return for more.
And the first breeders of macaw parrots were the ancient Indians. Scientists have found the first evidence of captive breeding of macaw parrots before 1250-1450.
A new dinosaur-parrot species has been discovered in the Gobi Desert in Mongolia.
Scientists have discovered fossils of toothless and two-toed dinosaurs that lived on Earth 68 million years ago and could be one of the progenitors of modern parrots. It is reported by Phys.org.
According to the researchers, the discovered dinosaur species had one finger less than its close relatives, which indicates the adaptability that allowed the animals to develop in the Late Cretaceous period.
Several complete skeletons of the species have been discovered in the Gobi Desert in Mongolia by a team of scientists from the University of Edinburgh.
The omnivorous feathered creature, dubbed Oksoko avarsan, grew to about two meters in length and had only two fingers on each forearm. The animals had a large, toothless beak similar to that found in modern parrots.
Scientists note that the adaptation of the forelimbs suggests that the group of dinosaurs may have changed their diet and lifestyle. These changes allowed the species to achieve greater diversity and increase in numbers.
The team suggests that the impetus for the change was migration to new geographic areas.
It also turned out that the Oksoko avarsan were social creatures, like many prehistoric species. Fossil remains of four young dinosaurs have been found together.
“Oksoko avarsan is interesting because their skeletons are very complete, and also how they were found resting together. This shows that the juveniles preferred to stay in groups,” says study leader Gregory Funston.
The Royal Opera House in London has canceled a visit to the Bolshoi Ballet, scheduled for the summer, due to Russia’s invasion of Ukraine.
“The summer season of the Bolshoy Ballet at the Royal Opera House was in the final stages of planning. Unfortunately, given the current situation, it cannot take place,” the Covent Garden Opera said in a statement.
Culture fell victim to the Russian invasion of Ukraine. Many prestigious institutions have taken action against Russia’s cultural presence. Such is the case with the conductor Valery Gergiev, who dropped out of the program of the festival “Dvorjak in Prague” and concerts at Carnegie Hall. Carnegie Hall also canceled recitations of pianist Denis Matsuev.
Earlier, Russia was also denied participation in the Eurovision Song Contest.
